Understanding Vaginal Bleeding Problems course for GPs
This session reviews the normal menstrual cycle as the basis for understanding and identifying vaginal bleeding problems.
This session was reviewed by Khyati Bakhai and last updated in November 2021.
Learning objectives
By the end of this session you will be able to:
- describe the physiology and bleeding patterns of the normal menstrual cycle
- list the key features that must be drawn from a history of vaginal bleeding
- identify bleeding that may signify pathology
- explain how contraceptive methods and other hormonal treatments may affect vaginal bleeding
Cyclical vaginal bleeding is a universal experience in women and defines the reproductive phase of life. It begins at menarche and generally continues until menopause, only being interrupted naturally by pregnancy.
Sarah was a full time GP in Truro for over 10 years and has developed a career that remains firmly based in general practice but extends beyond it.
Sarah is the Primary Care Lead for Women’s Health in Cornwall and runs the NHS menopause referral service. She organises training at a local level for doctors and nurses in many aspects of women’s health. She is an advisor to Women’s Health Concern, Editorial Consultant for MIMS Women’s Health and Deanery Advisor for the Faculty of Sexual and Reproductive Healthcare. She was a member of the group who developed the NICE guidance on Heavy Menstrual Bleeding.
Sarah has chaired the education subcommittee of the British Menopause Society and developed and organised the highly evaluated theory courses for the BMS/FSRH menopause special skills module. Sarah is also an honorary clinical fellow of the Peninsula Medical School and peer reviewer for the General Medical Council.
In addition to this, Sarah is the Primary Care Lead for the Peninsula Cancer Network, a long serving council member of the Cornwall LMC, a content author for the e-LfH programme and a mother of teenagers!
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