This session describes the physiological basis of insulin replacement and the commonly used insulin regimens. Practical issues in insulin management are illustrated in case histories and the significance of insulin therapy in relation to driving is review

This session emphasises the importance of the foot examination in assessing the risk of diabetic foot disease. It highlights the importance of patient education and timely referral to a diabetic multidisciplinary team to reduce long term diabetic foot com

Diabetes is a common cause of renal disease in the UK and all patients with diabetes should be regularly screened for kidney disease. This session will use a case-based approach to discuss how to diagnose and treat diabetic nephropathy, who needs referral

This session describes the pathogenesis, initial clinical assessment and first aid treatment for common and less common diabetic emergencies, including diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperosmolar hyperglycaemia syndrome and hypoglycaemia. This session was reviewe

Having diabetes can have huge implications on quality of life, life expectancy and lifestyle. This session explores some of these issues and the impact that diabetes can have on psychosocial welfare. This session was reviewed by Khyati Bakhai and last upd

This session considers three important abnormalities of the endocrine system and how they might present in primary care. This session was reviewed by Khyati Bakhai and last updated in June 2019.

This session covers the presentation, diagnosis, investigation and initial management of hypothyroidism in primary care. This session was reviewed by Khyati Bakhai and last updated in June 2021.

This session will discuss the initiation of thyroxine for the management of primary and secondary thyroid failure, together with appropriate recommendations for monitoring stable patients.This session was reviewed by Khyati Bakhai and last updated in July

This session describes the causes, initial investigation and treatment options for patients who present to a general practitioner with hyperthyroidism.This session was reviewed by Khyati Bakhai and last updated in February 2020.

This session explores the common and important causes of electrolyte imbalances commonly seen in primary care, particularly sodium and potassium, and presents a set of typical case studies of patients who have electrolyte disturbances. This session was re